Reconstructing 2000-Year, Oceanic Temperature Changes off Southwest Morocco Using G. bulloides Foraminifera Mg/Ca Ratios
Jawad El Hawari,
Mohamed El Ghachi
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
116-123
Received:
Sep. 11, 2023
Accepted:
Oct. 04, 2023
Published:
Oct. 14, 2023
Abstract: This study was conducted on the GeoB8601-3 core, collected off the southwest coast of Morocco, to reconstruct the variations in oceanic temperatures over the past 2000 years. Geochemical analyses of planktonic foraminifera G. bulloides in the core provided Mg/Ca ratios, as well as stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotopes. The distribution of Mg/Ca ratios with respect to core depth exhibited significant variations, with the lowest values recorded at a depth of 90-91.5 cm and the highest values observed at depths of 110-111.5 cm and 135-136.5 cm. Through specific calibrations, Mg/Ca values were converted to temperatures, allowing for the reconstruction of oceanic temperatures off southwest Morocco over the 2000-year period. The results indicated a significant temperature increase during certain periods, particularly between ±2112 and ±1681 years BP, as well as between ±1191 and 233 years BP. Relatively cooler temperatures were observed from approximately 165 years BP to the present, with a notable cooling event around 1351 years BP. Comparative analysis of the records obtained, through the two calibration methods, revealed a general trend of decreasing sea surface temperatures over the past 2000 years. It is important to note that these findings are based on the specific study of the GeoB8601-3 core and G. bulloides foraminifera. Further research and additional data are necessary to confirm these observations and gain a better understanding of oceanic temperature variations in this region during the studied period.
Abstract: This study was conducted on the GeoB8601-3 core, collected off the southwest coast of Morocco, to reconstruct the variations in oceanic temperatures over the past 2000 years. Geochemical analyses of planktonic foraminifera G. bulloides in the core provided Mg/Ca ratios, as well as stable carbon (δ13C) and oxygen (δ18O) isotopes. The distribution of...
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Research Article
A Comparison of Modern Cardiovascular Parameters in Patients with and Without Blood Stasis Syndrome
Xiaoqin Hu*,
Wei Zhao,
Xuewen Zeng,
Xiao Wang,
Hongxing Yang,
Xuefei Ding,
Yumei Meng,
Edward Barin,
Alberto Avolio
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
124-129
Received:
Sep. 06, 2023
Accepted:
Oct. 27, 2023
Published:
Nov. 09, 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.advances.20230404.12
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Views:
Abstract: Objective: To study the relation between cardiovascular parameters and blood stasis syndrome (BSS) by investigating the conventional cardiovascular parameters of BSS, furthermore, finding out the objective evidence for TCM syndrome differentiation. Methods: A total of 66 patients with a mean age of 60±18 years were evaluated. Out of these, 30 had BSS and 36 did not (control group). All patients underwent an evaluation of brachial mean arterial pressure (MAP), brachial diastolic pressure (DP), brachial systolic pressure (SP), aortic systolic pressure (SP), aortic MAP, and aortic DP in the seated and supine positions using a SphygmoCor XCEL. Pulse wave velocity (PWV), aortic augmentation index (Aix), ejection duration, and heart rate (HR) in the seated and supine positions determining by electrocardiogram examination. Results: There were no significant differences in the age, height, weight, gender, or race (P>0.05) of the two groups. A significant difference was observed in the brachial SP, brachial MAP, brachial DP, aortic SP, aortic MAP, aortic DP, and HR of the two patient groups in the supine position (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Ejection duration and Aix were reduced and PWV examined in the supine position increased in the BS group, compared with the control group, although the differences were not significant (P>0.05). Seated patients with BSS had a lower MAP and aortic MAP than control patients (P<0.05). All other parameters in the two groups examined in the seated position were not significantly different (P>0.05). Conclusion: Changes in modern medical cardiovascular parameters were found in patients with BSS. These preliminary findings may be used to evaluate and treat patients with the disorder. Further controlled studies are needed to confirm these findings.
Abstract: Objective: To study the relation between cardiovascular parameters and blood stasis syndrome (BSS) by investigating the conventional cardiovascular parameters of BSS, furthermore, finding out the objective evidence for TCM syndrome differentiation. Methods: A total of 66 patients with a mean age of 60±18 years were evaluated. Out of these, 30 had B...
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Research Article
Strategies Employed by Teachers to Motivate Students in Secondary Schools of Melo Koza Woreda Gofa Zone, South Ethiopia
Issue:
Volume 4, Issue 4, December 2023
Pages:
130-136
Received:
Oct. 05, 2023
Accepted:
Oct. 27, 2023
Published:
Nov. 11, 2023
DOI:
10.11648/j.advances.20230404.13
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: This study examined the strategies used by teachers to motivate students’ classroom learning in secondary school of Melo Koza Woreda. For this study, a mixed research methods was used. The sample for the study consisted of eight randomly selected secondary school teachers (six males and two females) and forty students (thirty-one males and nine females) were purposely selected from the two schools (Laha secondary and Mashira secondary schools. Questionnaire, Interview and classroom observations were used as the data gathering tools of this study. The findings indicate that the secondary school teachers in the sampled schools have good awareness on the different strategies of student motivation in classroom teaching. According to the findings of this study, teachers frequently use motivation strategies such as asking questions to determine whether students were following the lesson or not, providing positive and constructive feedback, asking them brain storming questions, and demonstrating their eagerness to teach. The study also found that big class sizes and a lack of money allotted by schools to reward high-achieving students are variables influencing student motivation. The woreda education office, in partnership with administrative authorities, should construct additional classrooms to allow for effective instruction and motivation while keeping the number of students in the classroom manageable.
Abstract: This study examined the strategies used by teachers to motivate students’ classroom learning in secondary school of Melo Koza Woreda. For this study, a mixed research methods was used. The sample for the study consisted of eight randomly selected secondary school teachers (six males and two females) and forty students (thirty-one males and nine fem...
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