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Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay

Published in Advances (Volume 2, Issue 2)
Received: 10 December 2020     Accepted: 28 June 2021     Published: 8 July 2021
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Abstract

The samples were sourced from the teak plantation in the Federal University of Akure, Ondo, State and Moremi street in Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria. The clay samples were pulverized and grounded using the Denver Laboratory Jaw Crusher, Model BDA 15561 and ground/milled using Bico Ball Milling Machine, Model 69012 (USA), and sieved using the combination of BS Sieve no 10 (2.00mm), BS sieve no 16 (1.18mm), BS sieve no 20 (850μm to be free of stones and gravels. Akure Anthill clay in its crude was characterized using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescent Spectrometer (ED-XRFS) and assayed 21.97% Fe2O3, 44.50% SiO2, 27% Al2O3, 3.03% TiO2, 1.43% K2O, 0.32% CaO, 0.37% RuO2, 1.38% BDL. Ile-Ife anthill clay in its crude was also characterized and found to contain 17.27% Fe2O3, 50.8% SiO2, 26% Al2O3, 2.20% TiO2, 1.37% K2O, 1.16% CaO, 0.31% RuO2, 0.46% BDL. The refractoriness of this anthill was also investigated and found to be 1400°C. This implies that both Akure and Ile-Ife anthill clay is not suitable for application in furnaces carrying out operations and melting operations at elevated temperatures beyond 1400°C. But it possesses good thermal stability at 10% bentonite, 10% kaolin and 25% bentonite respectively which is one of the characteristics or properties of the clay sample which makes it suitable for low refractory furnace lining applications.

Published in Advances (Volume 2, Issue 2)
DOI 10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12
Page(s) 23-29
Creative Commons

This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.

Copyright

Copyright © The Author(s), 2021. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Ile-Ife Anthill Clay, Akure Anthill Clay, Refractoriness, Foundary Properties

References
[1] Akeem D. A., Omotoyinbo J. A., and Davies F., Effect of High Alumina Cement on Selected Foundry Properties of Ant-Hill Clay, Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, 2012, 9, p. 37-46.
[2] Al-Amaireh. Improving the Physical and Thermal Properties of the Fire Clay Refra ctory Bricks Produced from Bauxite. Journal of Applied Sciences. 2006, 6 (12), 2605 – 2610.
[3] Borode, J. O., Onyemaobi, O. O., and Omotoyinbo, J. A. (2000): Suitability of some Nigerian Clays as Refractory Raw Materials, Nigerian Journal of Engineering Management, Vol. 3, pp 14 18.
[4] Callister, W. D. Fundamentals of Materials Science and Engineering an Introduction. Anti-Corrosion Methods and Materials. 2000, 47, 69-185.
[5] Energy Efficiency Guide for Industry in Asia (online), Thermal Energy Equipment: Furnaces and Refractories, Available at: http: www.energyefficiencyasia.org (Accessed 26/07/2010).
[6] Gupta O. P. Elements of Fuels, Furnaces and Refractories, 5th ed., India, Romesh Chander Khanna, 2008, p. 665-791.
[7] Hassan S. B., Adewara J. O. T., Refractory Properties of Some Nigerian Clays, Nigerian Society of Engineers Technical Transactions, NSE, Nigeria, 1994, 29 (3), p. 13-19.
[8] Hassan S. B., Effect of Silicon Carbide on some Refractory Properties of Kankara Clay, Journal of Applied Science, Engineering and Technology, 2005, 5, p. 21-26. 59.
[9] Hassan, S. B. (2001): Effect of Silicon Carbide on Some Refractory Properties of Kankara Clay, proceeding on Nigerian Metallurgical society.
[10] Hosseini P., Eslami E., Poorjafari M., Vahidi S., Madari A., The Comparison of Silicate Binder RefractoryConcreteswith Alumina Binder Concretes, First International and 14thb National Studentship Conference on Civil Engineering, Semnan University, I. R. IRAN, 2008, p. 1- 6.
[11] Imasogie and Aramide. Refractry Properties of Locally Sourced materials for Lining Salt-bath Austempering Furnaces. Ife Journak of Technology. 2006, 15 (2), 19-26.
[12] Ndaliman M. B., Refractory Properties of Termite Hills under Varied Proportions of additives, Leonardo Electronic Journal of Practices and Technologies, 2006, 9, p. 161-166.
[13] Olasupo O. A., Borode J. O., Development of Insulating Refractory Ramming Mass from Some Nigerian Refractory Raw Materials, Journal of Minerals & Materials Characterization & Engineering, 2009, 8, p. 667-678.
[14] Osarenmwinda, J, and C P Abel. "Performance Evaluation of Refractory Bricks produced from locally sourced Clay Materials", Journal of Applied Sciences and Environmental Management, 2014.
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    Afolabi Tola Toyin, Adara Peace Pamilerin, Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade, Alabi Oladunni Oyelola, Omokafe Michael Seun. (2021). Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay. Advances, 2(2), 23-29. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12

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    Afolabi Tola Toyin; Adara Peace Pamilerin; Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade; Alabi Oladunni Oyelola; Omokafe Michael Seun. Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay. Advances. 2021, 2(2), 23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12

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    AMA Style

    Afolabi Tola Toyin, Adara Peace Pamilerin, Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade, Alabi Oladunni Oyelola, Omokafe Michael Seun. Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay. Advances. 2021;2(2):23-29. doi: 10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12

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  • @article{10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12,
      author = {Afolabi Tola Toyin and Adara Peace Pamilerin and Omotoyinbo Joseph Ajibade and Alabi Oladunni Oyelola and Omokafe Michael Seun},
      title = {Evaluation of the Foundry Properties of Stabilized Ile-Ife and Akure Anthill Clay},
      journal = {Advances},
      volume = {2},
      number = {2},
      pages = {23-29},
      doi = {10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12},
      url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12},
      eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.advances.20210202.12},
      abstract = {The samples were sourced from the teak plantation in the Federal University of Akure, Ondo, State and Moremi street in Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria. The clay samples were pulverized and grounded using the Denver Laboratory Jaw Crusher, Model BDA 15561 and ground/milled using Bico Ball Milling Machine, Model 69012 (USA), and sieved using the combination of BS Sieve no 10 (2.00mm), BS sieve no 16 (1.18mm), BS sieve no 20 (850μm to be free of stones and gravels. Akure Anthill clay in its crude was characterized using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescent Spectrometer (ED-XRFS) and assayed 21.97% Fe2O3, 44.50% SiO2, 27% Al2O3, 3.03% TiO2, 1.43% K2O, 0.32% CaO, 0.37% RuO2, 1.38% BDL. Ile-Ife anthill clay in its crude was also characterized and found to contain 17.27% Fe2O3, 50.8% SiO2, 26% Al2O3, 2.20% TiO2, 1.37% K2O, 1.16% CaO, 0.31% RuO2, 0.46% BDL. The refractoriness of this anthill was also investigated and found to be 1400°C. This implies that both Akure and Ile-Ife anthill clay is not suitable for application in furnaces carrying out operations and melting operations at elevated temperatures beyond 1400°C. But it possesses good thermal stability at 10% bentonite, 10% kaolin and 25% bentonite respectively which is one of the characteristics or properties of the clay sample which makes it suitable for low refractory furnace lining applications.},
     year = {2021}
    }
    

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    AU  - Afolabi Tola Toyin
    AU  - Adara Peace Pamilerin
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    PB  - Science Publishing Group
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    UR  - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.advances.20210202.12
    AB  - The samples were sourced from the teak plantation in the Federal University of Akure, Ondo, State and Moremi street in Ile-Ife, Osun state, Nigeria. The clay samples were pulverized and grounded using the Denver Laboratory Jaw Crusher, Model BDA 15561 and ground/milled using Bico Ball Milling Machine, Model 69012 (USA), and sieved using the combination of BS Sieve no 10 (2.00mm), BS sieve no 16 (1.18mm), BS sieve no 20 (850μm to be free of stones and gravels. Akure Anthill clay in its crude was characterized using Energy Dispersive X-ray Fluorescent Spectrometer (ED-XRFS) and assayed 21.97% Fe2O3, 44.50% SiO2, 27% Al2O3, 3.03% TiO2, 1.43% K2O, 0.32% CaO, 0.37% RuO2, 1.38% BDL. Ile-Ife anthill clay in its crude was also characterized and found to contain 17.27% Fe2O3, 50.8% SiO2, 26% Al2O3, 2.20% TiO2, 1.37% K2O, 1.16% CaO, 0.31% RuO2, 0.46% BDL. The refractoriness of this anthill was also investigated and found to be 1400°C. This implies that both Akure and Ile-Ife anthill clay is not suitable for application in furnaces carrying out operations and melting operations at elevated temperatures beyond 1400°C. But it possesses good thermal stability at 10% bentonite, 10% kaolin and 25% bentonite respectively which is one of the characteristics or properties of the clay sample which makes it suitable for low refractory furnace lining applications.
    VL  - 2
    IS  - 2
    ER  - 

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Author Information
  • Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

  • Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

  • Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

  • Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

  • Metallurgical and Materials Engineering Department, School of Engineering and Engineering Technology, Federal University of Technology, Akure, Nigeria

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